Calidad Bromatológica de Líneas Avanzadas de trigo (Trtitucum aestivum L.) Evaluadas en Tres Localidades del Valle de Toluca

CALIDAD BROMATOLÓGICA DE LÍNEAS AVANZADAS DE TRIGO (Triticum aestivum L.) EVALUADAS EN TRES LOCALIDADES DEL VALLE DE TOLUCA Diego Corona González y Fernando Garduño Robles, [email protected], [email protected]. Ingeniero Agrónomo Industrial. Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas Asesores: Dra. María Dolores Mariezcurrena Berasain, Dra. Dora Luz Pinzón Martínez. [email protected], [email protected]. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas. Campus Universitario el Cerrillo Piedras Blancas Mpio. De Toluca, México. Código Postal 50200. Tel. (Fax) 29-65-529 ext. 192. El presente trabajo tuvo como como objetivo principal analizar 10 líneas avanzadas (LA) de trigo del CIMMYT (Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo) para identificar las más sobresalientes para procesos de producción industrial con base en su calidad bromatológica. Las LA fueron sembradas en tres localidades del Valle de Toluca (San Mateo Otzacatipan, Jocotitlán y Metepec). A los granos se les realizaron análisis bromatológicos para determinar materia seca, humedad, ceniza, grasa, proteína, fibra (fibra ácido detergente y fibra neutro detergente) y lignina. El análisis de varianza mostró que entre líneas avanzadas existieron diferencias significativas en todas las variables, con excepción de lignina. Entre las localidades, también se encontraron diferencias significativas, excepto en materia seca, proteína, fibra neutro detergente y lignina, y en la interacción línea avanzada por localidad hubo diferencias significativas para materia seca, proteína y lignina. Las líneas identificadas como cuatro y seis, se recomiendan para su uso en panadería, debido a su mejor calidad bromatológica, particularmente en el contenido de proteína, ceniza y grasa.Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Mëxic

Impacto del regulador global Crc en la fisiología de P. aeruginosa

Tesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Molecular. Fecha de lectura: 20-02-2017Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important opportunistic pathogen which causes serious infections in immunocompromised patients or in those with previous pathologies, such as cystic fibrosis. It is also an ubiquitous and versatile microorganism that lives in different environments such as the sea water or the rhizosphere. One of the regulatory mechanism that allows the environmental adaptation of P. aeruginosa is the catabolite repression, which is the regulatory mechanism that allows a hierarchical assimilation of carbon sources in complex media. Crc is the main regulator of catabolite repression in P. aeruginosa, and its inactivation causes pleiotropic changes in phenotypes related not just with metabolism, but with virulence and antibiotic resistance also. Crc acts with Hfq being both post‐transcriptional repressors of the target genes. When there is a preferential carbon source in the media, Crc represses the translation of the target genes that encode enzymes, transporters and regulators involved in the assimilation of secondary carbon sources. When the preferential carbon source is consumed, a small RNA, CrcZ is expressed, sequestering the Crc/Hfq complex. The mRNA is freed and the protein which participates in the assimilation of the secondary carbon source is translated. However, the mechanism of molecular interactions among Crc, Hfq and CrcZ remains to be elucidated in full. In this PhD Thesis, we go in depth inside the knowledge in the impact of Crc in bacterial physiology, and we characterized in greater detail the regulation through this system. To distinguish the direct and indirect regulation by Crc, a transcriptome and a proteome of a Δcrc mutant were performed. Post‐transcriptional regulation of Crc over 2000 genes was characterized in detail, leading to a precise map of the post‐transcriptional action of Crc protein, including its role in the central metabolism. The regulation of Crc over the enzyme Zwf and the EDEMP cycle is an important element that maintains the homeostasis of the cellular redox state and an adequate response to oxidative stress. Moreover, the targets of Crc include several transporters and enzymes of secondary carbon sources and the proteins that belong to the systems of iron uptake. The specific impact of Crc in the secretion of proteinaceous virulence factors was analyzed by the analysis of the secretome of a Δcrc mutant in two fractions corresponding to the proteome of the outer membrane vesicles secretome and the vesicles‐free secretome. The Δcrc mutant presents more outer membrane vesicles and those are bigger. The virulence factors, ToxA, CbpD, PiV and Hcp1 are present in less amount in the Δcrc exoproteome than in the wildtype one. Another secreted virulence factor is the type three secretion system. The Δcrc mutant presents less type three secretion proteins in the secretome, but does not show a defect on their production, indicating that the Δcrc mutant presents a defect in the export of type three secretion proteins. As a result, the Δcrc mutant is less virulent and cytotoxic than the wild type strain. A strategy based on suppressor mutations to genetically define the regulatory network of Crc was used to track more precisely the Crc regulation network. Pseudorevertants of the Δcrc and the ΔcrcZ mutants were selected with different degrees of catabolite repression. All the mutations were in Hfq and in Crc, which demonstrates that Hfq, Crc and CrcZ are functionally linked. The different variants selected in our screening might be used to characterize the interaction between these elements

Descentralización de grandes ciudades a través del Desarrollo Orientado al Transporte: caso, Ciudad de México

[ES] El crecimiento anárquico de la Ciudad de México sumado a otros factores ha tenido como resultado la creación de una urbe poco densa con gran expansión territorial, lo cual ha generado distintos puntos rojos (zonas que albergan actividades tales como; comercio, estudio y trabajo). Esta centralización de servicios ocasiona múltiples problemas de movilidad urbana que se han tratado de resolver a través de la implementación del Desarrollo Orientado al Transporte (DOT), metodología que a través de políticas de transporte y movilidad urbana busca la creación de ciudades compactas con una alta densidad poblacional, evitando así la creación de puntos rojos y solucionando muchos de los problemas existentes de movilidad urbana al incluir esta variable en la planeación del desarrollo y expansión de las ciudades. Este trabajo tendrá como objetivo el estudio, análisis y comparación del bajo resultado obtenido tras la implementación de políticas DOT en la Ciudad de México en comparación con otras ciudades, junto con posibles soluciones para hacer del Desarrollo Orientado al Transporte una herramienta viable para dar solución a las problemáticas de movilidad urbana dentro de esta megalópolis.[EN] The anarchic growth of Mexico City combined with other factors has resulted in a low dense city with great territorial expansion, within red spots which harbor activities such as; commerce, study and work. This centralization of services has generated several problems of urban mobility that have been tried to be solved with the implementation of Transport Oriented Development (TOD), a methodology that pursuit the creation of compact cities with a high population density in which incorporate the public transport services to the urban planning of the city, in order to avoid the creation of red spots and solving many of the existing problems of urban mobility. The objective of this paper will be the study, analysis and comparison of the low results obtained after the implementation of TOD policies in Mexico City against other cities among some possible solutions to make Transport Oriented Development a viable tool for urban mobility problems within this megalopolis.García Corona, FA. (2018). Descentralización de grandes ciudades a través del Desarrollo Orientado al Transporte: caso, Ciudad de México. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/111993TFG

Fístula gastrobronquial: complicación mayor de manga gástrica

ResumenAntecedentesLa fístula gastrobronquial es una complicación infrecuente en procedimientos quirúrgicos gastroesofágicos. Resulta difícil su diagnóstico y complejo su manejo, por lo que se han desarrollado alternativas no quirúrgicas para obliterar las fístulas con la menor morbilidad y mortalidad. El tratamiento endoscópico es una opción para pacientes con fístulas pequeñas o en estado grave.Caso clínicoMujer de 38 años de edad, con evidencia de fístula gastrobronquial postoperada de manga gástrica, diagnosticada durante el postoperatorio tardío debido a un cuadro clínico abigarrado, manejado inicialmente como cuadro respiratorio infeccioso; establecido el trayecto fistuloso se intentó cerrar el trayecto utilizando endoclips; sin embargo, se agrega hemoneumotórax, que ameritó colocación de sondas de drenaje y toracotomía, se optó por un manejo endoscópico con prótesis esofágica de politetrafluroetileno y fibrina como última alternativa terapéutica debido a que la paciente cursó con síndrome de respuesta inflamatoria sistémica, con respuesta favorable al manejo endoscópico.DiscusiónLa cirugía bariátrica ha mostrado resultados satisfactorios; sin embargo, la complejidad del procedimiento favorece complicaciones graves, como en la del presente caso; las fístulas gastrobronquiales representan un reto diagnóstico y terapéutico, considerándose desde el manejo conservador hasta los procedimientos endoscópicos, como en nuestra paciente.ConclusiónSi bien las fístulas gastrobronquiales son una complicación infrecuente, el uso de endoscopia en su resolución debe ser un arma de primer nivel en el manejo, ya que ofrece una morbilidad menor en un paciente que habitualmente cursa con un cuadro respiratorio de difícil control, con resultados satisfactorios a mediano y largo plazo.AbstractBackgroundGastro-bronchial fistula is a rare complication in gastroesophageal surgical procedures. It is difficult to diagnose and its management is complex. Non-surgical alternatives have been developed to eliminate the mortality of small fistulas. Endoscopic treatment is an option for patients with small fistulas or in a serious condition.Clinical caseA 38 year-old woman with evidence of a gastro-bronchial fistula after gastric sleeve surgery, which was diagnosed during the post-operative period due to presenting with a various clinical symptoms. It was initially managed as a respiratory infection. When the trajectory of the fistula was established, an attempt was made to close with endoclips. However, there was also a haemo-pneumothorax, which required inserting drainage tubes and a thoracotomy. Endoscopic management was chosen with polytetrafluoroethylene oesophageal prosthesis and fibrin as a last therapeutic option as the patient had systemic inflammatory response syndrome. The outcome was favourable.DiscussionBariatric surgery has shown satisfactory results; however the complexity of the procedure can lead to severe complications, such as the present case. Gastro-bronchial fistulas represent a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, requiring treatments from conservative management to endoscopic procedures, as in our patient.ConclusionAlthough gastro-bronchial fistulas are a rare complication, the use of endoscopy in their resolution should be considered as the method of choice, as it offers a lower morbidity in the patient that usually presents a difficult to control respiratory problem, and with satisfactory results in the medium and long term

Transcriptome (ESTs) of Avocado “Native” Mexicano Early Seed Development Shows Abundance of Regulatory, Antioxidant and Defense Genes

Avocado native “Mexicano” (Persea americana var drymifolia) has been a really important species in agricultural and indigenous medicine. In the agricultural world, it has been the germplasm source for the generation of economically important cultivars like Hass and it is the main source of rootstocks for the world production of Hass avocado fruit. In spite of its importance, little is known about the molecular network of seed-fruit development. The aim of this work was to know the expressed genes (ESTs) during the early avocado native “Mexicano” seed development. Using total RNA we constructed cDNA libraries of fourth months seed development, sequencing, assembling and bioinformatic analysis was made. For validation, a semi-quantitative PCR experiments with the most abundant genes were made. About 5005 ESTs from the 5’ representing 1653 possible unigenes were isolated. After assembling process, we have 171 genes that are closely related to Nelumbo nucifera sequences. The transcriptome is dominating by one bHLH transcription factor, three metallothioneins and snakin, suggesting its main role in seed development. Until now, there are no molecular studies in avocado seed development

Geodiversidad, ordenamiento territorial y áreas naturales protegidas

El término geodiversidad se acuña alrededor de 1993 como equivalente al de biodiversidad para referirse a la variedad de la naturaleza no viva, recientemente ha ganado aceptación en el Reino Unido, España, Portugal, Italia, Suiza, Finlandia y Japón entre otros, como un nuevo paradigma geológico (Gray 2008).La evaluación de los instrumentos legales para la planeación y el manejo de recursos naturales así como los destinados a su conservación o protección a la luz de nuevos enfoques y conocimientos es una labor por demás necesaria para mantener la vigencia de dichos instrumentos. Se presentan los resultados de evaluar los Ordenamientos Ecológicos Territoriales (OET) y los decretos de Área Natural Protegida (ANP) en Quintana Roo, México desde el punto de vista de la congruencia espacial de los mismos para proteger la Geodiversidad y la Biodiversidad en el Estado. Se reportan los valores semicuantitativos de la geodiversidad para Quintana Roo y se comparan los instrumentos legales en función de la superficie con mayores valores de geodiversidad que se encuentra en zonas establecidas para protección o conservación en los instrumentos. Se aportan elementos con base en los resultados para apoyar la complementariedad de los instrumentos en el manejo del territorio y sus recursos. La metodología seguida permite detectar algunas incongruencias en las zonificaciones de los OET.Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México- CONACY

Chemical Composition and Energy Evaluation of Abies spp. and Pinus spp. Sawdust Collected as a Byproduct of the Primary Wood Sawing

The aim of this paper is to chemically evaluate the byproducts of the primary processing of genera Abies and Pinus, to determine the possibility of using them as solid biofuel. Ash percentage, volatile matter and fixed carbon values were determined by proximate analysis. The basic chemical composition includes the determination of extractives content, lignin and holocellulose. Ash microanalysis was performed with an X-ray spectrometer and the calorific value of the samples was determined by using an AC600 calorimeter. The results of this research varied as follows: the content of inorganic substances (0.33% to 0.41%), volatile matter (88.54% to 82.57%), fixed carbon (11.13% to 17.06%), extractives content (5.37% to 17.82%), Runkel lignin (27.33% to 30.97%), holocellulose content (58.53% to 69.56%) and calorific value (19.09 MJ·kg-1 to 20.42 MJ·kg-1). According to the X-ray analysis, the most abundant elements were potassium, calcium and magnesium; whereas no heavy metals were found. The results of this research show that the two genera studied here are suitable for solid biofuel production

El modelo competencial del futuro estatuto de autonomía para Andalucía

La reforma de los estatutos de autonomía iniciada en la Comunidad Valenciana y continuada en Cataluña se puede considerar que busca, entre otros objetivos, la redefinición del modelo competencial. El camino iniciado en Andalucía también cuenta entre sus fines la fijación del pacto autonómico sobre nuevas bases competenciales. El trabajo que se ofrece en materia competencial por este grupo de investigación no puede tener más que un carácter iniciático y descriptivo sobre lo que se avecina en la proposición de reforma del Estatuto de Autonomía para Andalucía, pues el verdadero juego y alcance del nuevo marco competencial solo se podrá conocer a través de los análisis que se efectúen cuando se aplique el nuevo articulado estatutario con y frente a la Constitución. Estas páginas describen las novedades del proyecto estatutario en diferentes campos competenciales, usando como norma de referencia el vigente estatuto. Se aporta como Anexo diferentes tablas en las que se desglosan y contraponen la actualidad normativa al articulado previsto

Relationship between weight status and aerobic capacity in school children in Tijuana, Mexico

INTRODUCTION: Overweight and obesity in children can deteriorate physical and psychological health in the short, mid, and long term; alterations like dyslipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, glucose intolerance and other cardiovascular risk factors like prehypertension and hypertension occur more frequently in children and teens with obesity. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the weight status and the aerobic capacity of schoolers in Tijuana, Mexico. METHODS: This study’s samples were constituted by 275 children, 135 girls and 140 boys from 5th and 6th grade, between the ages of 10-12, currently enrolled in the morning and evening shifts. Weight, height, body-mass index and the maximum oxygen consumption (20 meter Shuttle Run Test) were evaluated. To identify relationship between the weight status with the aerobic capacity, the Pearson correlation coefficient was used. RESULTS: The overweight and obesity prevalence were 29% and 13% in boys and 33% and 12% in girls respectably. It was observed a moderate negative correlation but statistically significant between the weight status with the aerobic capacity (r= -0.437, p=0.001). CONCLUSION: In this population, the greater the weight was associated with low aerobic capacity. In conclusion, the aerobic capacity could be affected due to overweight, obesity, and a superior corporal weight than the recommended one for a certain height

Effect of Music Intensity on Performance during ad libitum Cycle Ergometer Exercise (póster)

póster -- Universidad de Costa Rica, Centro de investigación en Ciencias del Movimiento Humano. 2013This is the poster presented on the topic at the 2013 American College of Sports Medicine Annual Meeting. Many people see aerobic exercise as boring and unpleasant, and require a high intrinsic motivation to train. Listening to music during exercise is a tested method with a positive influence, but specific physiological responses to music need to be understood in light of the fact that it has several elements (rhythm, tempo, intensity, etc.) which may affect people differently. Meanwhile, many health club employees and clients are regularly exposed to highintensity music which may cause temporary or permanent auditory injury; apparently, some instructors perceive that the louder the music, the better theperformance or effort. PURPOSE: To determine if heart rate (HR), perceived effort (PE), and spontaneous work (WORK) are influenced by the intensity of individually selected motivational music at 100-130 beats per minute (bpm). METHODS: 7 females and 3 males (21.1 ± 3.41 y.o.; 1.67 ± 0.09m; 63.38 ± 10.16 kg) each performed three experimental sessions after one familiarization trial and one maximum heart rate test on different days, all separated by at least 1 day of rest. After a 5 min warm-up on an electromagnetically braked cycle ergometer, each participant pedaled for 16 minutes at a self-selected power: they started at 100 W and signaled the test administrator to increase or decrease the workload as often as desired. Experimental sessions without music (WM), with music at 75 (M75) or music at 95 (M95) decibels (dB) were assigned in random order in a repeated-measures design. Resting HR was measured before each exercise test. HR, PE and WORK were recorded at 8 and 16 minutes of the test. RESULTS: Two-way, repeated measures ANOVAs on HR, PE and WORK showed no significant interactions between treatments and measurement times (p>0.05). No significant differences among treatments were found for HR (182.8±15.80, 186.5±13.41, and 186±13.38 bpm, p>0.05), PE(6.75±2.20, 7.3±2, 7.5±1.9, p>0.05), or WORK (106±11.98, 113.2±12.30, 109.6±20.30 KJ, p>0.05) for WM, M75, and M95, respectively. CONCLUSION: Under the specific conditions of this study, the presence of preferred music had no effect on HR or PE in spite of performing similar amounts of spontaneous work; this was not influenced by music intensity. The use of music as a means to increase spontaneous work performance or decrease perceived or actual effort is not warranted.UCR-VI-245-B0-315 Sistema de Estudios de PosgradoUCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Sociales::Centro de Investigación en Ciencias del Movimiento Humano (CIMOHU